All rights guides
Fourth & Fourteenth Amendments · 42 U.S.C. §1983

Police Misconduct — know your rights

You have constitutional protection against unreasonable stops, searches, excessive force, and racially discriminatory policing. §1983 lets you sue officers and departments for violating those rights.

Your rights

  • You may ask 'Am I being detained, or am I free to go?'
  • You may refuse consent to a search (say it clearly and calmly)
  • You may record police in public — it's protected in every federal circuit
  • You have the right to remain silent beyond identifying yourself where required

How to file with DOJ Civil Rights Division

File with the DOJ and the department's internal affairs as soon as possible; §1983 lawsuits follow your state's personal-injury deadline (1–3 years).

How to document it

  • Write down badge numbers, car numbers, and exact time immediately after
  • Ask witnesses for contact info on the spot
  • Photograph any injuries the same day, then again as they develop
  • Request body-cam footage in writing quickly — retention windows are short

Document it before you forget the details

Memory fades and deadlines pass. IronRecord timestamps and encrypts your evidence, counts down your filing window, and generates a court-ready report in one click. Free to start.

Start documenting — free

Guides on police misconduct

Other rights guides

This guide is general legal information, not legal advice. Laws and deadlines vary by state and change over time; confirm details for your situation with a civil rights attorney. IronRecord uses conservative deadline estimates so you file with time to spare.